Naftaleno polikloratu

Naftaleno polikloratuak (PCN) konposatu organokloratuen mota bat da, zeinetan naftalenoaren hidrogeno-atomo bat edo gehiago kloro-atomoz ordezkatzen den. Beren formula orokorra C₁₀H_8−(m+n)Cl_(m+n) da. Guztira, 75 konposatu desberdin dira. PCN komertziala 75 bitarteko osagai eta alboproduktu izan ditzake. Konposizioaren arabera oilotsu, argizaritsu edo solidoak dira^[1].

Naftaleno polikloratuak poluitzaile organiko iraunkorrak dira eta Stockholmeko Hitzarmenak fabrikatzea eta erabiltzea debekatu zuen 2015en hainbat salbuespenekin^[2].

Erabilera

1910 hasi zen naftaleno polikloratuen erabilera handia, orain bukatutzat jo daitekeena. PCNak kable elektrikoen isolatzaile oso eraginkorrak dira. Zura babesteko, kautxu eta polimeroetan gehigarri gisa eta lubrifikatzaileetan usatu izan da^[2].

Toxikotasuna

Hogei urte inguruko ekoizpen komertzialaren ondoren, PCNen osasun-arriskuak beraien eraginpean zeuden langileengan azaltzen hasi ziren: larruazaleko erupzio larriak, gibeleko gaixotasunak eta herriotzak.

PCN batzuk eguzki-argiaren bidez deskonposa daitezke eta, erritmo moteletan, zenbait mikroorganismoren bidez. PCN askok, ordea, ingurumenean irauten dute, hots, poluitzaile organiko iraunkorrak dira.

Esposizio akutuak kloraknea sortzen du. Esposizio kronikoak gibeleko gaixotasunak izateko arriskua areagotzen du. Minbizia izateko arrisku sortzen dutela uste bada ere, ez dago froga argirik. PCNi buruzko gaur egungo kezken artean, hondakinen errausketaren azpiproduktu gisa haiek askatzea dago^[2].

PCNen zerrenda

Zenbakia	formula	Izena	CAS zenbakia
PCN-1	${\ce {C10H7Cl}}$	1-kloronaftaleno	90-13-1
PCN-2	${\ce {C10H7Cl}}$	2- kloronaftaleno	91-58-7
PCN-3	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,2- dikloronaftaleno	2050-69-3
PCN-4	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,3-dikloronaftaleno	2198-75-6
PCN-5	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,4-dikloronaftaleno	1825-31-6
PCN-6	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,5-dikloronaftaleno	1825-30-5
PCN-7	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,6-dikloronaftaleno	2050-72-8
PCN-8	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,7-dikloronaftaleno	2050-73-9
PCN-9	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	1,8-dikloronaftaleno	2050-74-0
PCN-10	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	2,3-dikloronaftaleno	2050-75-1
PCN-11	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	2,6-dikloronaftaleno	2065-70-5
PCN-12	${\ce {C10H6Cl2}}$	2,7-dikloronaftaleno	2198-77-8
PCN-13	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,3-trikloronaftaleno	50402-52-3
PCN-14	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,4-trikloronaftaleno	50402-51-2
PCN-15	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,5-trikloronaftaleno	55720-33-7
PCN-16	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,6-trikloronaftaleno	51570-44-6
PCN-17	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,7-trikloronaftaleno	55720-34-8
PCN-18	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,2,8-trikloronaftaleno	55720-35-9
PCN-19	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,3,5-trikloronaftaleno	51570-43-5
PCN-20	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,3,6-trikloronaftaleno	55720-36-0
PCN-21	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,3,7-trikloronaftaleno	55720-37-1
PCN-22	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,3,8-trikloronaftaleno	55720-38-2
PCN-23	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,4,5-trikloronaftaleno	2437-55-0
PCN-24	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,4,6-trikloronaftaleno	2437-54-9
PCN-25	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	1,6,7-trikloronaftaleno	55720-39-3
PCN-26	${\ce {C10H5Cl3}}$	2,3,6-trikloronaftaleno	55720-40-6
PCN-27	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,3,4-tetrakloronaftaleno	20020-02-4
PCN-28	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,3,5-tetrakloronaftaleno	53555-63-8
PCN-29	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,3,6-tetrakloronaftaleno	149864-78-8
PCN-30	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,3,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	55720-41-7
PCN-31	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,3,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	149864-81-3
PCN-32	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,4,5-tetrakloronaftaleno	6733-54-6
PCN-33	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,4,6-tetrakloronaftaleno	51570-45-7
PCN-34	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,4,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	67922-21-8
PCN-35	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,4,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	6529-87-9
PCN-36	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,5,6-tetrakloronaftaleno	67922-22-9
PCN-37	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,5,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	67922-23-0
PCN-38	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,5,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	149864-80-2
PCN-39	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,6,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	149864-79-9
PCN-40	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,6,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	67922-24-1
PCN-41	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,2,7,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	149864-82-4
PCN-42	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,3,5,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	53555-64-9
PCN-43	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,3,5,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	31604-28-1
PCN-44	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,3,6,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	55720-42-8
PCN-45	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,3,6,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	150224-15-0
PCN-46	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,4,5,8-tetrakloronaftaleno	3432-57-3
PCN-47	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	1,4,6,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	55720-43-9
PCN-48	${\ce {C10H4Cl4}}$	2,3,6,7-tetrakloronaftaleno	34588-40-4
PCN-49	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,4,5-pentakloronaftaleno	67922-25-2
PCN-50	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,4,6-pentakloronaftaleno	67922-26-3
PCN-51	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,5,6-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-18-3
PCN-52	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,5,7-pentakloronaftaleno	53555-65-0
PCN-53	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,5,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-24-1
PCN-54	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,6,7-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-16-1
PCN-55	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,6,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-23-0
PCN-56	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,3,7,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150205-21-3
PCN-57	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,5,6-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-20-7
PCN-58	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,5,7-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-19-4
PCN-59	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,5,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-25-2
PCN-60	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,6,7-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-17-2
PCN-61	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,6,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-22-9
PCN-62	${\ce {C10H3Cl5}}$	1,2,4,7,8-pentakloronaftaleno	150224-21-8
PCN-63	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakloronaftaleno	58877-88-6
PCN-64	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,4,5,7-hexakloronaftaleno	67922-27-4
PCN-65	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,4,5,8-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-93-3
PCN-66	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,4,6,7-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-96-6
PCN-67	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,5,6,7-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-97-7
PCN-68	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,5,6,8-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-95-5
PCN-69	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,5,7,8-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-94-4
PCN-70	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,3,6,7,8-hexakloronaftaleno	17062-87-2
PCN-71	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,4,5,6,8-hexakloronaftaleno	90948-28-0
PCN-72	${\ce {C10H2Cl6}}$	1,2,4,5,7,8-hexakloronaftaleno	103426-92-2
PCN-73	${\ce {C10HCl7}}$	1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptakloronaftaleno	58863-14-2
PCN-74	${\ce {C10HCl7}}$	1,2,3,4,5,6,8-heptakloronaftaleno	58863-15-3
PCN-75	${\ce {C10Cl8}}$	oktakloronaftaleno	2234-13-1