Gutun irekia munduko emakumeei

Gutun irekia munduko emakumeei
Jatorria
Argitaratze-data	1946
Ezaugarriak
Hizkuntza	ingelesa
Kokapena
Lekua	Londres

Munduko Emakumeei Gutun Irekia Eleanor Rooseveltek irakurri zuen 1946ko otsailaren 12an Londresen egin zen Nazio Batuen Batzar Nagusiaren 29. osoko bilkuran ^[1]

Hitza hartuz, Eleanor Rooseveltek jakinarazi zuen, Nazio Batuen Erakundeko ordezkari eta delegatuek bakoitzaren herrialdeetako emakumeei zuzendutako deklarazio bat egin zutela eta saioan bildutako ordezkariei beren herrialdeetara itzultzen zirenean deklarazio hori zabaltzeko lankidetzan aritzeko eskatu zien, emakume guztiek izan behar dutelako gutun hau ezagutzeko aukera. ^[2] Irakurraldiaren amaieran, Eleanor Rooseveltek Asanblada osoari gogorarazi dio "gure herrietan Nazio Batuak bakea lortzeko tresna izan daitezkeen ustea txertatzeko erantzukizuna dutela, horri gerra irabazteko jartzen dugun energia bera eskaintzen badiogu." gainera, "emakumeek gizonek ahazten dituzten gauzak eskatzen dituztela" adieraziz. ^[3]

Aurrekariak

1945ean Nazio Batuak sortu zirenean, emakumeak oso sartuta zeuden eremu publikoan, lehenik gobernuz kanpoko erakundeetan eta gero ordezkaritza ofizialetan. Emakumeen sufragioa legezkoa zen 31 herrialdetan. Europan eta Estatu Batuetan ere emakume asko zeuden mugimendu sindikalaren parte.^[4]

Gutuna

ORIJINALA

An Open Letter to the women of the world from the women delegates ans advisers at the first Assembly of the United Nations: This first Assembly of the United Nations marks the second attempt of the peoples of the world to live peacefully in a democratic world community. This new chance for peace was won through the joint efforts of men and women working for common ideals of human freedom at a time when the need for united effort broke down barriers of race creed and sex. In view of the variety of tasks which women performed so notably and valiantly during the war, we are gratified that seventeen women representatives and advisers, representatives of eleven Member States, are taking part at the beginning of this new phase of international effort. We hope their participation in the work of the United Nations Organization may grow and may increase in insight and in skill. To this end we call on the Governments of the world to encourage women everywhere to take a more active part in national and international affairs, and on women who are conscious of their opportunities to come forward and share in the work of peace and reconstruction as they did in war and resistance. We recognize that women in various parts of the world are at different stages of participation in the life of their community, that some of them are prevented by law from assuming full rights of citizenship, and that they therefore may their immediate problems somewhat differently. Finding ourselves in agreement on these points, we wish as a group to advise the women of all our countries of our strong belief that an important opportunity and responsibility confront the women of the United Nations: first, to recognize the progress women have made during the war and to participate actively in the effort to improve the standards in their own countries and in the pressing work of reconstruction, so that there will be qualified women ready to accept responsibility when new opportunities arise; second, to train their children, boys and girls alike, to understand world problems and the need for international co-operation, as well as the problems of their own countries; third, not to permit themselves to be misled by anti-democratic movements now or in the future; fourth, to recognize that the goal of full participation in the life and responsibilities of their countries and of the world community is a common objective toward which the women of the world should assist one another.

ITZULPENA

Munduko emakumeei zuzendutako gutun irekia, Nazio Batuen lehenengo Batzarrean ordezkari edo aholkulari gisa parte hartu duten emakumeek:^[5] Nazio Batuen Lehen Batzar hau munduko herriak komunitate demokratiko global batean bakean bizitzeko egindako bigarren saiakera da. Bake-aukera berri hau gizon-emakumeek giza askatasunaren ideal komunaren bila egindako ahalegin bateratuari esker lortu zen, ahalegin bateratuaren beharrak arraza, sinesmen eta sexuaren mugak hautsi zituen garaian. Gerra garaian emakumeek hain nabarmen eta ausart bete zituzten hainbat zeregin kontuan hartuta, pozten gara hamazazpi estatu kide ordezkatzen dituzten hamazazpi ordezkarik eta aholkularik parte hartuko dutelako nazioarteko ahaleginaren fase berri honen hasieran. Nazio Batuen Erakundearen lanetan zure parte hartzeak garrantzia handiagoa izango duela eta ulermen eta ikuspegi handiagoa izango duelakoan gaude. Horretarako, munduko gobernuei eskatzen diegu mundu osoko emakumeak nazioko eta nazioarteko gaietan modu aktiboagoan parte har ditzaten bultza ditzatela eta emakumeek egungo momentuak bakearen eta berreraikuntzaren alde parte hartzeko eta lan egiteko eskaintzen dituen aukeren berri izan dezatela. gerran eta erresistentzian egin zen modu berean. Aitortzen dugu munduko hainbat lekutako emakumeak beren komunitateko bizitza sozial eta politikoan parte hartzeko fase desberdinetan daudela, eta badaudela legeak emakumeei herritartasun eskubide guztiak bere gain hartzea eragozten dien herrialdeak eta, beraz, haien berehalako arazoak desberdinak dira. Puntu hauetan adostuta, gure taldeak gure herrialde guztietako emakumeei gure uste irmoa helarazi nahi die Nazio Batuetako emakumeei aukera garrantzitsu bat eskaintzen zaiela eta erantzukizun handia eskaintzen zaiela: lehenik, egin duten aurrerapena aintzat hartzea. gerra garaian emakumeak aktiboki parte hartuz euren herrialdeetako bizi-maila hobetzeko ahaleginean eta berreraikuntza premiazko lanetan, aukera berriak sortzen direnean ardurak hartzeko prest dauden emakume prestatuak egon daitezen; bigarrenik, beren seme-alabak mundu mailako arazoak eta nazioarteko lankidetzaren beharra ulertzeko trebatzea, baita beren herrialdeetako arazoak ere; hirugarrenik, ez utzi ez orain ez etorkizunean mugimendu antidemokratikoek engainatu; laugarrena, aintzat hartzea euren herrialdeen eta munduko komunitatearen bizitzan eta ardurretan parte-hartze osoa helburu komun bat dela, zeinaren alde munduko emakumeek elkarri lagundu behar diotela.^[6]

«	Munduko emakumeei zuzendutako gutun irekia, Nazio Batuen lehenengo Batzarrean ordezkari edo aholkulari gisa parte hartu duten emakumeek:^[5] Nazio Batuen Lehen Batzar hau munduko herriak komunitate demokratiko global batean bakean bizitzeko egindako bigarren saiakera da. Bake-aukera berri hau gizon-emakumeek giza askatasunaren ideal komunaren bila egindako ahalegin bateratuari esker lortu zen, ahalegin bateratuaren beharrak arraza, sinesmen eta sexuaren mugak hautsi zituen garaian. Gerra garaian emakumeek hain nabarmen eta ausart bete zituzten hainbat zeregin kontuan hartuta, pozten gara hamazazpi estatu kide ordezkatzen dituzten hamazazpi ordezkarik eta aholkularik parte hartuko dutelako nazioarteko ahaleginaren fase berri honen hasieran. Nazio Batuen Erakundearen lanetan zure parte hartzeak garrantzia handiagoa izango duela eta ulermen eta ikuspegi handiagoa izango duelakoan gaude. Horretarako, munduko gobernuei eskatzen diegu mundu osoko emakumeak nazioko eta nazioarteko gaietan modu aktiboagoan parte har ditzaten bultza ditzatela eta emakumeek egungo momentuak bakearen eta berreraikuntzaren alde parte hartzeko eta lan egiteko eskaintzen dituen aukeren berri izan dezatela. gerran eta erresistentzian egin zen modu berean. Aitortzen dugu munduko hainbat lekutako emakumeak beren komunitateko bizitza sozial eta politikoan parte hartzeko fase desberdinetan daudela, eta badaudela legeak emakumeei herritartasun eskubide guztiak bere gain hartzea eragozten dien herrialdeak eta, beraz, haien berehalako arazoak desberdinak dira. Puntu hauetan adostuta, gure taldeak gure herrialde guztietako emakumeei gure uste irmoa helarazi nahi die Nazio Batuetako emakumeei aukera garrantzitsu bat eskaintzen zaiela eta erantzukizun handia eskaintzen zaiela: lehenik, egin duten aurrerapena aintzat hartzea. gerra garaian emakumeak aktiboki parte hartuz euren herrialdeetako bizi-maila hobetzeko ahaleginean eta berreraikuntza premiazko lanetan, aukera berriak sortzen direnean ardurak hartzeko prest dauden emakume prestatuak egon daitezen; bigarrenik, beren seme-alabak mundu mailako arazoak eta nazioarteko lankidetzaren beharra ulertzeko trebatzea, baita beren herrialdeetako arazoak ere; hirugarrenik, ez utzi ez orain ez etorkizunean mugimendu antidemokratikoek engainatu; laugarrena, aintzat hartzea euren herrialdeen eta munduko komunitatearen bizitzan eta ardurretan parte-hartze osoa helburu komun bat dela, zeinaren alde munduko emakumeek elkarri lagundu behar diotela.^[6]	»
—Eleanor Roosvelt^{[oh 1]}

Eleanor Rooseveltek gutuna irakurri ondoren herrialde ezberdinetako ordezkariek publikoki sinatu zuten: Bodil Bebtrup (Danimarka), Minerva Bernardino, (Dominikar Errepublika), Lorna McPhee (Zeelanda Berria), Frieda Dalen (Norvegia), Marie-Hélène Lefaucheaux.(Frantzia), Hilda Verwey-Jonker (Herbehereak) C.I. Rolfe (Erresuma Batua), Evdokia Uralova (Bielorrusiako Errepublika Sozialista Sobietarra) eta Batzar Nagusiko beste hamar bat ordezkari.^[2]^[7]^[8]

Oharrak

↑ An Open Letter to the women of the world from the women delegates ans advisers at the first Assembly of the United Nations: This first Assembly of the United Nations marks the second attempt of the peoples of the world to live peacefully in a democratic world community. This new chance for peace was won through the joint efforts of men and women working for common ideals of human freedom at a time when the need for united effort broke down barriers of race creed and sex. In view of the variety of tasks which women performed so notably and valiantly during the war, we are gratified that seventeen women representatives and advisers, representatives of eleven Member States, are taking part at the beginning of this new phase of international effort. We hope their participation in the work of the United Nations Organization may grow and may increase in insight and in skill. To this end we call on the Governments of the world to encourage women everywhere to take a more active part in national and international affairs, and on women who are conscious of their opportunities to come forward and share in the work of peace and reconstruction as they did in war and resistance. We recognize that women in various parts of the world are at different stages of participation in the life of their community, that some of them are prevented by law from assuming full rights of citizenship, and that they therefore may their immediate problems somewhat differently. Finding ourselves in agreement on these points, we wish as a group to advise the women of all our countries of our strong belief that an important opportunity and responsibility confront the women of the United Nations: first, to recognize the progress women have made during the war and to participate actively in the effort to improve the standards in their own countries and in the pressing work of reconstruction, so that there will be qualified women ready to accept responsibility when new opportunities arise; second, to train their children, boys and girls alike, to understand world problems and the need for international co-operation, as well as the problems of their own countries; third, not to permit themselves to be misled by anti-democratic movements now or in the future; fourth, to recognize that the goal of full participation in the life and responsibilities of their countries and of the world community is a common objective toward which the women of the world should assist one another.

Erreferentziak

↑ «My Day by Eleanor Roosevelt, February 8, 1946» www2.gwu.edu.
↑ ^a ^b (Ingelesez) «Open Letter To Women Of The World» Advertiser 1946-03-06 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-03).
↑ (Ingelesez) Eleanor Roosevelt Nazio Batuen aurrean. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).
↑ (Ingelesez) Agosín, Marjorie. (2001). Women, Gender, and Human Rights: A Global Perspective. Rutgers University Press ISBN 978-0-8135-2983-7. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-03).
↑ ^a ^b Bolomey, UN Photo/Marcel. "Nazio Batuen Batzar Nagusiaren lehen saioa" (ingelesez), 1946-05-02. [Kontsulta: 2019ko uztailaren 26a].
↑ ^a ^b «Hogeita bederatzigarren osoko bilkura» (PDF ) ( eu en/fr). Nazio Batuen Liburudenda Digitala, 1946-12-02 [Kontsulta: 2019ko uztailaren 28a].
↑ (Katalanez) Lledó Cunill, Eulàlia. (2018-12-10). Les dones que van humanitzar la Declaració Universal de Drets Humans. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).
↑ (Ingelesez) Pidgeon, Mary Elizabeth. (1947). International Documents on the Status of Women. U.S. Government Printing Office (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).

Kanpo estekak

Gutunaren irakurketa jasotzen duen bideoa

Datuak: Q74447484

[7] An Open Letter to the women of the world from the women delegates ans advisers at the first Assembly of the United Nations: This first Assembly of the United Nations marks the second attempt of the peoples of the world to live peacefully in a democratic world community. This new chance for peace was won through the joint efforts of men and women working for common ideals of human freedom at a time when the need for united effort broke down barriers of race creed and sex. In view of the variety of tasks which women performed so notably and valiantly during the war, we are gratified that seventeen women representatives and advisers, representatives of eleven Member States, are taking part at the beginning of this new phase of international effort. We hope their participation in the work of the United Nations Organization may grow and may increase in insight and in skill. To this end we call on the Governments of the world to encourage women everywhere to take a more active part in national and international affairs, and on women who are conscious of their opportunities to come forward and share in the work of peace and reconstruction as they did in war and resistance. We recognize that women in various parts of the world are at different stages of participation in the life of their community, that some of them are prevented by law from assuming full rights of citizenship, and that they therefore may their immediate problems somewhat differently. Finding ourselves in agreement on these points, we wish as a group to advise the women of all our countries of our strong belief that an important opportunity and responsibility confront the women of the United Nations: first, to recognize the progress women have made during the war and to participate actively in the effort to improve the standards in their own countries and in the pressing work of reconstruction, so that there will be qualified women ready to accept responsibility when new opportunities arise; second, to train their children, boys and girls alike, to understand world problems and the need for international co-operation, as well as the problems of their own countries; third, not to permit themselves to be misled by anti-democratic movements now or in the future; fourth, to recognize that the goal of full participation in the life and responsibilities of their countries and of the world community is a common objective toward which the women of the world should assist one another.

[1] «My Day by Eleanor Roosevelt, February 8, 1946» www2.gwu.edu.

[#1-2] (Ingelesez) «Open Letter To Women Of The World» Advertiser 1946-03-06 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-03).

[3] (Ingelesez) Eleanor Roosevelt Nazio Batuen aurrean. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).

[4] (Ingelesez) Agosín, Marjorie. (2001). Women, Gender, and Human Rights: A Global Perspective. Rutgers University Press ISBN 978-0-8135-2983-7. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-03).

[Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200317-5] Bolomey, UN Photo/Marcel. "Nazio Batuen Batzar Nagusiaren lehen saioa" (ingelesez), 1946-05-02. [Kontsulta: 2019ko uztailaren 26a].

[Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200317-6] «Hogeita bederatzigarren osoko bilkura» (PDF ) ( eu en/fr). Nazio Batuen Liburudenda Digitala, 1946-12-02 [Kontsulta: 2019ko uztailaren 28a].

[8] (Katalanez) Lledó Cunill, Eulàlia. (2018-12-10). Les dones que van humanitzar la Declaració Universal de Drets Humans. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).

[9] (Ingelesez) Pidgeon, Mary Elizabeth. (1947). International Documents on the Status of Women. U.S. Government Printing Office (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-03-04).

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